Evidence Based Practice modules-2017 - Statistics and Study Design

Video Transcription

Video Summary

In this video, Ryan Calfee gives a talk on statistics and study design. He starts by discussing randomized control trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies, explaining how they differ in terms of randomization and observation. He also mentions the advantages and disadvantages of both study designs. He then moves on to case-control trials, explaining how they involve looking back in time to identify risk factors for a specific disease or outcome. He discusses the advantages and disadvantages of case-control trials. Calfee further explains cross-sectional studies, which involve collecting data at a single point in time, and discusses their use in determining disease prevalence. <br /><br />In the second part of the video, he delves into statistical concepts such as power, p-values, and confidence intervals. He explains the purpose and calculation of alpha level, which determines whether a result is considered significant. Calfee also introduces type 1 and type 2 errors and their implications. He briefly explains confidence intervals and their importance in interpreting study results. Calfee then moves on to discuss different types of data, including continuous and categorical data, and when to use different statistical tests based on the type of data. <br /><br />The video concludes with Calfee discussing sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as validity and reliability of tests. He provides examples and explains the importance of prevalence in calculating predictive values. The video ends with a few sample test questions related to the topics covered.

Keywords

statistics

study design

randomized control trials

case-control trials

cross-sectional studies

confidence intervals